Educational Technology Essay - 1697 Words

Educational Technology Education is probably the most important thing in life that someone can obtain. There are many levels of education. These levels begin at Kindergarten and Pre-K and continue on through grade school, junior high school, high school, and undergraduate colleges if so chosen. Then the possibility of graduate school is in the interest of some student and is required for better pay and even in some career fields. Education has undergone many changes over the past 2 decades at all levels. Many of the changes have undergone due to the increasing number of technological advancements in the ways teachers educate and the ways that students learn. The greatest technological achievement to enter the educational realm has†¦show more content†¦Maybe it is merely coincidence but in either sense he was correct in stating that technology would change quickly. Remember the mentioning of the floppy disk? Well, it is still called a floppy disk but technology has managed to make it a hard disk and minimized the size to 3.5 inches. This is just one of the many changes that would emerge after the implementing of the PC in schools. Upon the introduction of the computer came the formation of the CD-Rom. T H E Journal states that 550 megabytes of read-only material were on these compact discs. Well there goes the thought of needing those textbooks. Why would you need to carry that big textbook with you? Save a tree right. Keep in mind that not everyone has a computer capable of doing this yet and not to mention that computers cost money. Schools cannot afford to be buying these computers, which were evolving so fast, that keeping up with the newly issued ones was almost impossible. Buy this time, this time being around the 1990’s, IBM came out with MS-Dos and soon to come MS- Windows. The race for the most advanced technology was one and this was great for society, the economy and education. With technology such as this coming out, the government was creating plans, grants, and other special funding for schools to acquire and uses technologyShow MoreRelatedEducational Technology Essay1187 Words   |  5 Pagesstatement is false. 1) Technological literacy cannot serve as the primary rationale for integrating educational technology. 1) _T______ 2) One thing we have learned from the history of technologies in education is that teachers rarely have time to develop their own instructional media for teaching. 2) __T_____ 3) Research over the past 40 years has shown conclusively that technology-based methods are usually superior to traditional ones. 3) _F______ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose theRead MoreHistory of Educational Technology2941 Words   |  12 PagesHistory of Educational Technology Educational technology in a way could be traced back to the emergence of very early tools, e.g., paintings on cave walls. But usually its history starts with educational film (1900s) or Sidney Presseys mechanical teaching machines in the 1920s. The first large scale usage of new technologies can be traced to US WWII training of soldiers through training films and other mediated materials. Today, presentation-based technology, based on the idea that people canRead MoreThe Effects Of Educational Technology On The Classroom1345 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Paper: Effects of Educational Technology In the Classroom By: Nicole Ault Computer Science 313 October 1st, 2017 Abstract: This research paper includes several studies on the effects of children’s learning when incorporating technology into their lives. Overall, the studies mentioned can make technology be viewed as an aid or a hinder on a child’s cognitive development. For some people the advances of technology in today’s world can be viewed asRead MoreTechnology Planning : Perceived Educational Technology Needs Survey Essay2319 Words   |  10 PagesTechnology Planning PERCEIVED EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY NEEDS SURVEY Adapted from Ted Wesley - National Center for Technology Planning (www.nctp.com) and Alan November of November Learning While performing your duties: 1. Do you ever, or often, think, â€Å"There must be an easier way to do this?† If so, please list and describe as many of the things or situations as you can to which this statement would apply: 1. †¦to provide homework assignments to students. 2. †¦.to complete the class worksheet thatRead MoreThe Impact Of Technology On Education And Developing The Educational Process1280 Words   |  6 Pagesambitions. However, technology has played an essential role in enhancing and developing the educational process. Written in Frederick Douglass’s essay, â€Å"Learning to Read†, he describes his extraordinary tale from an uneducated slave to a prominent writer of his time. A critical point to note is that during his time period, the most advanced form of educational technology was the pen and paper. As such, the entirety of Douglass’s future rested on his ability to master this technology. With this in mindRead MoreThe Role Of Educational Technology And The Philosophy Of Education918 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology Philosophy The role of educational technology is of great importance because it upgrades the utilization of technology to enhance instructional delivery and provide students, teachers, and administrators with the competencies of software programs, Internet resources, and course management systems for curriculum design and distance learning (Leomiti, 2017). Education has an immense impact on human society. In fact, many believe a good education can secure a better future. Furthermore,Read More A Crisis: Funding for Educational Technology in the United States1870 Words   |  8 PagesA Crisis: Funding for Educational Technology in the United States The United States is a country that thrives through technological advancement. The wealth and success of this nation is dependent on providing every child, regardless of race, ethnicity, or gender, with the opportunity to obtain technological skills that are essential for a successful future. Unfortunately, educational funding for technology has failed to take precedent. In realizing that, the question then becomes, how isRead MoreInformation Technology For Educational Development2029 Words   |  9 PagesCHAPTER2: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT LEARNING OBJECTIVE 1. To Study the concept of Educational Technology 2. Characteristics and scope multimedia approach 3. Nature and Characteristics of Educational Technology 4. To study the objectives and scope of educational Technology 5. Functions and Mass media with satellite Learning. INTRODUCTION Since the development of the radio, people have proposed that communications technology provide major improvements in the deliveryRead More Current Trends in Educational Technology Essay1456 Words   |  6 PagesCurrent Trends in Educational Technology Abstract Current trends in Educational Technology offer quite an array of subject matter to study. I have selected a few articles demonstrating trends I found most interesting. These include trends in research, holistic technology education, pedagogic balance in technology education and using open source software in the school. Hopefully these trends will be an eye opener for the reader. This paper is based on these journal articles: Research inRead MoreEssay about Educational Technology Autobiography1552 Words   |  7 PagesEducational Technology Autobiography My experience with educational technology from K-12 to post-secondary education: The very first form of educational technology that I encountered was the use of the overhead in the first grade. In the third grade I was moved to a gifted and talented Math class; therefore, allowing my fellow classmates and myself access to a computer lab that contained seven apple computers. Every Friday we were allotted fifteen to twenty minutes on these computers to play

Career Scavenger Hunt Essay - 1755 Words

Career Scavenger Hunt Instructions Part I: NCDA Scavenger Hunt 1. What is the relationship of the NCDA to the American Counseling Association? The relationship of the NCDA to the American Counseling Association is that the â€Å"NCDA is a founding division of the American Counseling Association and collaborates with the ACA to jointly represent the interest of counselors in congress and in the national legislative process† (NCDA, 2015). 2. What is the purpose of the NCDA? The purpose of the NCDA is to â€Å"promote the career development of all people over the life span† (NCDA, 2015). 3. What are your personal results after taking the Career Decision Making Difficulties Questionnaire (CDDQ)? Note: Once you are at the CDDQ launch page, you can†¦show more content†¦Specifically, he is interested in a job that â€Å"pays well.† Which of the following occupations would you recommend and why? After considering my client’s desires, as well as his skills, I would advise that he pursues a career in investment banking. My client has sales, management, and customer service skills from his pervious position as an automobile dealer, which will aid him selling securities and commodities as an investment banker. My client would also receive decent financial compensation as an investment banker. The median pay for investment banking in 2012 was 71,720 annually (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2014). However, my client would have to receive a Bachelors Degree for an entry-level position (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2014). Although, all of the prospective career the client suggested requires pursuit of higher education. Lastly, a position as a â€Å"financial service sales agent is projected to grow 11 percent from 2012 to 2022†, creating a demand in employment (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2014). Scenario 2: A client who is just starting college is interested in exploring career opportunities that will best ensure finding a job after graduation. Specifically, she has narrowed her choices to 1 of the following careers. What are the employment outlooks for each of these occupations? The client did not specify what specific field of counseling she is interested in.Show MoreRelatedEssay about Career Spectrum Scavenger Hunt1209 Words   |  5 PagesPhoenix Material Career Spectrum Scavenger Hunt Part 1 Find, and list, at least 10 different careers from various sectors in the health care industry. Describe the role of each career and explain what makes that profession different from the others. You can include, but are not limited to, factors such as education and experience requirements, services rendered or products offered, licensure, pay, involvement with other health care sectors, and type of work duties. Career | Description |Read MoreImplementing A Debt Education Program1310 Words   |  6 PagesCashCourse ® is that they offer scavenger hunts. Student life could promote the scavenger hunt and assist with the execution of the events. The goal is to help students become familiar with the program throughout each semester. Towards the last three months of each semester, we will have an event to test the student’s skills and knowledge they acquired through the activities. The Scavenger hunts consist of three online challenges. The student who can complete the scavenger hunt in the least amount of timeRead MoreHcs212r4 Career Spectrum Scavenger Hunt Wk4 7 1042 Words   |  5 PagesPhoenix Material Career Spectrum Scavenger Hunt Part 1 Find, and list, at least 10 different careers from various sectors in the health care industry. Describe the role of each career and explain what makes that profession different from the others. 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Save the document as first name, last initial_scavengerhunt. Example: CrystalE_Scavengerhunt. If you have questions, please ask. Scavenger Hunt Questions University 1. Who is the accrediting body for ECPI? ECPI University is accredited by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACSCOC). Specifically, The Health Science/Medical AssistingRead Mored vbv gf Essays647 Words   |  3 Pagesstudents, and searching for careers. Instructions Complete the following Scavenger Hunt Matrix regarding student resources provided by the university. In the first column, list the steps used to locate each resource. In the second column, explain how each resource might contribute to your success. Scavenger Hunt Matrix Student resource List the specific steps you used to locate each resource. Explain how you can use each resource to support your academic, career, or personal successRead MoreMini Project1983 Words   |  8 PagesMini-Project Topic Scavenger Hunt of USC Campus and Neighborhood or of Downtown Los Angeles Complete either (A) a scavenger hunt of the USC campus and University Park neighborhood or (B) a scavenger hunt of downtown Los Angeles. At the end of completing your hunt, write a short essay (1 page) in which you explain the most interesting item you discovered by doing this scavenger hunt. Note: The scavenger hunt project should be typed Complete either (A) a scavenger hunt of downtown LosRead MoreGraduation Speech : My Favorite School1330 Words   |  6 Pagesschool memories was in Latin class. I have 7 years of Latin from elementary school. There was one day in the 4th grade that we got to take the whole day off and do a Latin scavenger hunt. All the clues were in Latin. Latin was my favorite subject so this day was one of my favorite days. It also helped that my team won the scavenger hunt. After school, I would go to my parent’s business and work on homework. I have many highlights from going to â€Å"Mom’s work† after school. One of my favorite memories wasRead MorePersonal Reflection930 Words   |  4 Pageswanted to explore. I learned that I wanted to be more adventurous and explore the world while finding more about myself. Something I learned that was a total shocker to me was when we did the scavenger hunt and I found out about all the resources that my school has to offer. For example the transfer and career center services is there to help me plan and provide me with all information needed in order to transfer to a four-year college. 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AMANDA TODD LAW free essay sample

Also, deactivation of all her social media including Backbone and even e-mail would have been disabled as well as her laptop taken away and searched by the policy to find an IP address and find the blackmailer before it got out of hand and much worse. Also, her parents should have taken her webbed away after the discovery of the first incident which would have made it impossible for her to go on online video chats with her laptop.Now, with the amount of dangerous sexual predators rising over the internet and chat rooms and with more frequent and common situations similar to these online, the police should take these matters very seriously in an attempt to revert this from happening to anyone else. 2. Minors should not be able to have access to online chat rooms, let alone online video chat rooms. Online video chat rooms should be 18+ only and should be monitored at all times by workers to ensure that sexual content not be displayed. We will write a custom essay sample on AMANDA TODD LAW or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And if any inappropriate content is being viewed, it should be flagged and reported and the user or anyone from the same IP address should be banned and not have access anymore to that specific website. There should be laws set it place that forbid sexual exploitation of one selves body over the Internet. . The RACE failed in protecting Amanda Todd because they did not take the blackmailing case seriously and over looked it as not a big Issue to worry about.They should have taken measures in finding the blackmailer and putting a stop to this. Also the parents should have both agreed on saying no to a webbed knowing the dangers, especially at such a young age- without the webbed.

Managing and Developing a Small Business What do Leaders really do

Introduction Leaders and managers of an organization play incredible roles in the endeavour to ensure that organizations succeed in attaining their aims and objectives, as stipulated in their strategic plans. A dominant argument among scholars is that, leaders can also serve the roles of the managers.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Managing and Developing a Small Business: What do Leaders really do? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, other scholars argue that, leaders cannot act as managers of an organization. Consequently, there is unresolved debate whether managers can be leaders and the vice versa. For instance, Kotter posits, â€Å"leadership and management are two distinctive and complementary systems of action† (1990, p.103). This argument implies that, leadership and management have two differing traits and functions within an organization. The main question remains: which of the two is more appropriate for being given more consideration to enhance better success of an organization? Increasing body of literature places a strong argument that, the two are significant towards this end, especially when the volatilities and complexities of the modern day organizations’ operation environment are considered. From this position, this paper seeks to address the two aspects, which may immensely enhance the performance and hence the success of an organization. This goal is achieved through conducting a summary of Kotter’s article appearing on the journal of Harvard Business Review in 1990 titled: â€Å"what leaders really do†, and then articulating it with the existing body of literature on the position of leadership and management in enhancing success of an organization. Difference between management and leadership Management entails dealing ardently with organizational complexity. According to Brungardt (1996), â€Å"management controls or dire cts people or resources in a group according to principles or values that have already been established† (p.83).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the absence of cute organizational management strategies, complex business establishments may get chaotic in numerous ways hence creating the risks to the existence of the business establishment in question. In this context, Kotter (1990) laments that, â€Å"good management brings a degree of order and consistency to key dimensions like the quality and profitability of products† (p.104). On the other hand, leadership entails putting forth new visions and or directions for people working within an organization. In the journey towards achievement of this vision and direction, the leader work principally as the spearhead. This implies that leadership is all about deploying appropriate measures to deal cutely with organ izational change. Leadership is the tool that can be deployed, within an organization, to help it deal proactively with various factors that make conducting business a challenge. Such factors includes technological sophistication, volatility of the markets, increased international competitions, rapidly varying demographic characteristics, changing capital markets characteristics coupled with deregulation of capital markets among other factors. Consequently, as management scholars would suggest, doing what was effective yesterday and/or at ten percent better, can help in improvement of organizational performance. In case of leadership, this scenario is no longer a formula for realizing organizational success. Amid the cited functions of management in enhancing organizational success, it is necessary to point out that when the two are employed independently in an organization, differing results are produced.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Managing and Developi ng a Small Business: What do Leaders really do? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More When management is applied without leadership, incredible results are obtained in control of resources in a manner that ensures that, the status quo is maintained and/or facilitates achievement of aims, goals, and objectives in accordance to an initially re-established plan. On the other hand, when leadership is applied alone, it â€Å"sets a direction or vision that others follow, without considering too much how the new direction is going to be achieved† (Rost Baker 2000, p.9). However, when both are applied, both the management of resources and setting a new direction of the organization, in the future world of uncertainty, are realized. Budgeting and planning are two plausible tools for ensuring that complexity is well managed by organizations. This accomplished through â€Å"setting targets or goals for the future, establishing detailed step s for achieving those targets and then allocating resources to accomplish the plans† (Kotter 1990, p.104). Arguably, this aspect is different with leadership. Leadership is initiated by direction setting. It entangles development of a vision through generation of wider perspective of future, coupled with adopting strategies that are critical in ensuring production of changes, which are vital in the achievement of the vision. Another striking difference is that, in case of management, the capacity for achieving the preset plans is dependent on strategies for staffing coupled with the power of organizing deployed by the organization. It is in this end that job design, job delegation, staff selection and recruitment and organizational communication becomes significant. On the other hand, as Kotter (1990) reckons, â€Å"the equivalent leadership activity is aligning people† (p.104).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It encompasses putting in place mechanisms of enhancing clear communication of the new directions for adoption to ensure the realization of the aims, goals and objectives of the organization in the near future to all stakeholders who commit themselves and accept being guided by the established direction. Additionally, from the perspectives of management, plans are achieved through designing mechanisms of the solution to problems coupled with controlling them, which is opposed to leadership whereby visions are achieved through inspiration and ensuring that the team that is responsible for the realization of the vision is proactively motivated. Critical scrutiny of the differences between management and leadership evidences traits of a leader. Therefore, they also shed light on what leaders needs to do on a daily basis. Setting direction One of the fundamental roles of leadership is to set the organizational direction, which is necessary in the endeavour to attain the subtle objective of leadership: to produce change. However, setting of direction should not get confused with planning. According to Kotter (1990), planning entails â€Å"a management process which is deductive in nature and designed to produce orderly results, not change† (p.104). This implies that setting of direction is ideally inductive in its nature. For the leaders to be able to set appropriate direction, they garner an immense data and then attempt to derive patterns and linkages. Most importantly, they use the data gathered to determine relationships. This move is critical in making them able to explain things. In the context of leadership roles in an organization, setting of direction yields strategies coupled with visions, as opposed to plans. For the leaders to have the capacity to achieve commendable organizational direction, hard work, often entailing taking risks, is required because setting of direction is not achieved through magic. Kotter is also inclined to this line of tho ught when he argues that â€Å" people who articulate visions are not magicians but broad based strategic thinkers who are willing to take risks† (1990, p.105). However, it is crucial to note that strategies and visions do not necessary deserve to be brilliantly innovative. Indeed, many of the cute visions are not. Aligning people Upon the setting of the desired direction, the next objective of leadership is to see people moving according to the stipulated vision and strategies. In many organizations, people are normally tied amongst themselves by â€Å"their work, systems of management, technology, and hierarchy systems† (Kotter 1990 p.105). Consequently, in the endeavour of leadership to play its chief function of bringing about change, such linkages expose some challenges. This means that for people to move collectively in accordance to the strategies and visions, a leader aligns them, as opposed to organizing them. In this end, Kotter laments, â€Å"To executives who are overeducated in management, the idea of moving people in the same direction appears to be an organizational problem† (1990, p.105). From this dimension, it becomes crucial to argue that the challenge of aligning people is more of communication problem as opposed to design challenge. For a leader to be able to align people well to the visions and the strategies, he or she needs to talk much more than a manager would, in order to have people organized in accordance to the stipulated organizational plans (Hiebert Klatt 2000, p.98). The people that a leader must establish an ardent communication with include peer staff members, subordinates, bosses, and officials of the government, while not negating the consumers. Other relevant parties that the leader needs to talk to entails all those other organizational stakeholders who have the capacity to hinder or aid in the visions and strategies implementation. By enhancing ardent communication, a leader is able to empower all p eople dependent on his or her vision or strategies to achieve their targets, hence enhancing the performance of an organization coupled with its success. Motivating people In the attempt to induce change, a leader encounters myriads of impediments. Such impediments entangle development of the capacity to inculcate the need to develop an energized code of behaviours among the people who are being led. Motivation serves to make the people develop the requisite energy demanded to make people overcome various obstacles in the path of attempting to realize the visions and strategies of change. Kotter amplifies this argument when he comments, â€Å"Achieving grand visions always requires an occasional burst of energy† (1990, p.107). In comparison to controlling, motivation does not push people to the desired direction. Rather, it does it through satisfaction of essential human needs, creation of a feeling of self-belonging, amplification of self-esteem of people and recognition amo ng other things. Leaders can motivate people in a variety of ways. One of the chief ways of doing this motivation is by articulating people with the organizational vision â€Å"in a manner that stresses the value of the audience they are addressing† (Kotter 1990, p.108). Another way is to aid people to make decisions on how to attain the vision of the organization. This may be done by making provisions of feedback, coaching, and even acting as role models. Where the leader recognizes that people are succeeding in achieving the visions and strategies, he or she does not hesitate to reward the success ardently. This makes the work done by all people in the organization become internally motivating. Leadership culture For an organization to succeed in the competitive environment, it is indispensable for executives to posses both leadership and management attributes. In fact, â€Å"some companies have consistently demonstrated an ability to develop people into outstanding leader -manager† (Kotter 1990, p.107). In the process of development of leadership culture in an organization, the first step is to recruit people who have leadership potential. The next step is to ensure that their leadership career is appropriately monitored. The goal is to ensure that all people charged with leadership duties are able to share numerous career experiences amongst themselves. Developing leadership For people to develop leadership experiences, it is significant that a leader in charge creates an environment that is dominated by challenging decision-making opportunities. Upon determination of the people and the necessary skills that need development, leaders normally spend a significant fraction of their time planning the mechanisms that they are going to utilize in order to ensure that the skills are developed in a manner that would advantage the organization in future (Northouse 2006, p.68; Schein 2004, 112). Sometimes, this development is accomplished through plann ing. This sort of planning is essentially formal or through a development process, that has high potential attributes: informal. However, in any of these ways â€Å"the key ingredient appears to be an intelligent assessment of what is feasible development opportunity fit for each candidate† (Kotter 1990, p.111). This way, young leader becomes prepared to assume leadership roles for both small and medium sized organization. Institutionalization of leadership culture In an attempt to foster institutionalization of leadership culture within an organization, many organizational leadership scholars contend that a means of rewarding leaders who have aided in development of leadership traits among the workforce is vital. However, â€Å"this is not done as part of formal compensation or bonus formula, simply because it is so difficult to measure such achievements with precision† (p.111). Arguably, in case people, in the top realm of organizational leadership, are informed that they could be promoted based on their capacity to develop leadership, even those who belief that leadership is not possible to develop may look for ways in which it can be nurtured. This way, it becomes possible to inculcate a corporate culture that can incredibly aid in building an immensely strong leadership culture, coupled with attempts to create it. This observation is largely consistent with Kotter (1990) argument that, â€Å"institutionalizing a leadership-centred culture is the ultimate act of leadership† (p.111). This means that, what leaders actually need to do is to ensure that leadership culture is developed from the top most to bottom most people, in the organizational hierarchical order. Conclusion Organizational leaders play vital roles in ensuring that organizations succeed in achieving their goals, aims, and objectives. It is crucial for people aspiring to become leader to understand the chief things that leaders do on a daily basis. It is from this perspect ive that the paper found it essential to scrutinize what leaders certainly do. After conducting a summary of the of Kotter’s article, â€Å"What Leaders Really Do† and conducting an intensive introspection of existing literature of the role of leadership in enhancing success of an organization, the paper discussed setting direction, motivation, aligning people, creating an environment where leadership culture can thrive, developing leadership, and institutionalization of leadership culture, as the key things Reference List Brungardt, C 1996, ‘The making of leaders: A review of the research in leadership development and education’, The Journal of Leadership Studies, vol. 3 no.3, pp 81–95. Hiebert, M Klatt, B 2000, The Encyclopedia of Leadership: A Practical Guide to Popular Leadership Theories and Techniques, McGraw Hill, New York. Kotter, J 1990, ‘What leaders really do’, Harvard Business Review, vol.1 no. 1, pp 103-111. Northouse, P 2 006, Leadership: Theory and Practice, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks. Rost, J Baker, R 2000, ‘Leadership education in colleges: Toward a 21st century paradigm’, The Journal of Leadership Studies, vol. 7 no.1, pp 3–12. Schein, E 2004, Organizational Culture and Leadership, Jossey Bass, San Francisco. This report on Managing and Developing a Small Business: What do Leaders really do? was written and submitted by user Bennett Carver to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Art Differences between Mediecal and Renaissance essays

The Art Differences between Mediecal and Renaissance essays Michelangelos painting of The Holy Family with the infant St. John the Baptist catches my eye more so than Jan van Eycks Madonna in the Church. These two paintings differ in many aspects because they come from two different periods of time. Renaissance paintings were often of great leaders or people of great importance, whereas Medieval paintings were mainly tied in with the Church or religion. Paintings in the Medieval years use less vivid colors than paintings in the Rennaisance. Eycks painting looks as though a mixture of four or five dark colors were used, whereas Michelangelo uses a variety of strong, bright colors. Michelangelos painting also takes on a three-dimensional effect, where you can tell that there is depth in the picture as Eycks painting does not have the same dimensional effect. Michelangelo uses this dimensional effect to make the painting more realistic to help the viewer feel as though they were inside the picture. He uses a great deal of scenery, such as the details in the landscaping of the grass and the mountains and hills in the background. Michelangelo also uses many variations in size which helps add depth to the picture. The people in the background are smaller than the people in the foreground, showing that these people are placed behind St. John the Baptist. Along with the variation in size, Michelango also uses shading or chiaroscuro to add to the three dimensional look. He uses these techniques in the appearance of the people as well as the scenery. Michelangelo adds expressions to the faces of the people in the painting, suggesting that each individual has his or her own personality. The paintings in the Renaissance use the nude to depict humanity, as Michelangelo does with the people in the background of the painting. Eyck, on the other hand does not share the use of these techniques that Michelangelo applied to his paintings. The M ...

Robert Frost Essays (730 words) - Poetry, Literature, Robert Frost

Robert Frost Essays (730 words) - Poetry, Literature, Robert Frost Robert Frost There are probably three things that account for Robert Frosts poetry. In his poems, he uses familiar subjects, like nature, people doing everyday things and simple language to express his thought. His poems may be easy to read, but not necessarily easy to understand. Almost all of Frosts poems are hiding a secret message. He easily can say two things at the same time. For example, in The Road Not Taken, Frost talks about being a traveler, but the hidden message is about decisions in life. In lines 19 and 20, he expresses that he did the right thing, by choosing to go down the path that made the difference. Also, in Birches, lines 48-59, it shows that the poem is about being carefree. Frost wishes he could be like the boy swinging from the birch trees. The poem sets the picture of a boy swinging from the tree branches, but he really is talking about being carefree. He says that earth is the right place for love. He says that he doesnt know where he would like to go better, but he would like to go swinging from the birches. Another example of symbolic description comes from the poem, Desert Places; he talks about how he will not be scared of the desert places, but of the loneliness. He is scared of his own loneliness, his own desert places. Most of Frosts poems are about nature. All three of the mentioned poems are about nature. In The Road Not Taken, he talks of the woods and paths to follow (line1). Also, in Birches, he talks of the birch tree, and winter mornings (line 7). He also talks about rain and snow (line8-11). In Desert Places, he talks of woods and snow covering the ground (line 1-5). He shows the relationship between nature and humans. As in Tree at My Window, the beginning of the poem shows the intersection between humans and nature (lines 3-12). But the end suggests there are differences that separate them (lines 13-16). In Birches, he talks of the trees and sunny winter mornings (line 7). He also talks of the suns warmth, and how it melts the snow (line 10-12). The poem, Desert Places, talks of snow falling into a field, and covering the weeds (line 1-4). It also talks about animals lairs being smothered in the snow (line 5-6). Which is ironic considering that deserts are hot, and it does not snow there. Frosts simple, yet creative language is used in two ways. He can stir up your worst fears, or provoke a fantasy. The reader can put to terms our own fearful fantasy. In Once by the Pacific, he uses a scheme of starting with a storm, but it turns out to be more than just a storm (line 1-5). It turns out to be mysterious, because something doesnt like the way the shore is backed by the cliff, or the way the continent backs the cliff (line 7-9). It even gets more mysterious in the lines that follow; it talks of dark intent (line 10). It said someone should prepare for rage, because more than ocean water will be broken (line12). Frost uses simple word to describe some complicated things. He takes the fears within himself and distributes them into the environment all around him. The words he uses are easier to understand than other poets words are. Reading a poem by Frost is not as confusing as some poets, but trying to understand the hidden meanings are the most difficult. Trying to figure out any poem is difficult, but Frosts are unique. Bibliography Frost, Robert. Birches. Literature:Reading Fiction,Poetry,Drama, and The Essay. Robert DiYanni. Boston:McGraw,1998. 669-70. Desert Places. Literature:Reading Fiction,Poetry,Drama, and the Essay. Robert DiYanni. Boston:McGraw, 1998. 679. Once by the Pacific.Literature:Reading Fiction, Poetry, Drama and the Essay. Robert DiYanni. Boston:McGraw, 1998. 676. The Road Not Taken. Literature:Reading Fiction,Poetry,Drama,and the Essay. Robert DiYanni. Boston:McGraw, 1998. 513. Tree at my Window. Literature:Reading Fiction,Poetry,Drama,and the Essay. Robert DiYanni. Boston:McGraw, 1998. 677.

Corporate Governance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Corporate Governance - Assignment Example suring proper corporate governance ensure that they operate in accordance with the existing business ethics and that they remain socially responsible (Goodman & Schwartz 2013, p. 67). The board of governors is tasked with the responsibility of ensuring that all the systems of corporate governance are functional, and that all shareholders and the stakeholders are well protected. In addition, successful corporate governance is exhibited by the commitment of the board of governors in carrying out transparent transactions and ensuring that the company registers value and minimal risks. This high level of commitment ensures that the no stakeholder interest is compromised. Corporate governance is a concept that emerged in the early years when ownership and management of companies became separate entities. However, the concept was fully described in the 1990s because of numerous scandals that surrounded many companies. In the modern day, it is a critical concept in the business world (Bouba ker, Nguyen, & Nguyen 2012, p. 38). A close analysis of one of the global leading companies and its corporate governance strategies will serve to shed more light on the criticality of this concept. BP Plc is a multinational oil and gas company whose headquarters are in London United Kingdom. The company has been ranked in the top ten oil and gas companies and qualifies to be under the category of â€Å"super majors† in the industry. The company has existed for over a century since it was established in 1909. Over the years, the company has registered remarkable success extending its operations to about 80 countries according to the 2013 statistics (New Report Provides an In-depth Company Profile for Multinational Oil Company BP Plc 2007, n.p). BP Plc is one of the companies that can provide highlights on different aspects of the corporate governance. BP plc is an established company with evident business strategies, and diverse range of stakeholders that need its protection. Moreover,

Wagners Die Walkre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Wagners Die Walkre - Essay Example The scenes Die Walkure, Act III, Scene 3 presents Walton, overcome and deeply moved by emotions, bidding farewell to Brunnhilde, who was then on her knees. Walton raises her from her knees while gazing her in the eyes, still filled with emotions, and echoes the farewell words. In his sentiments, Walton recalls the beautiful memories that he shared with Brunnhilde while expressing his regrets and difficulties that he was experiencing at the moment. The mood in these setting is that of grief, when Walton, despite his love for Brunnhilde, has to leave. The scenes presented the comeback of Valkyries from a battle joined by Brunnhilde alongside Sieglinde. Sieglinde had to live to bear Siegmund’s child, and is currently allowed away, prior to Walton’s arrival. Valkyries condemns his adorable daughter onto a rock, where she had to lie senselessly until roused by a mortal who was to be her husband. She pleads that her husband should be son to Sieglinde, whose name would be Siegfried. Walton departs leaving Brunnhilde surrounded by a protective fire meant to guard her as she sleeps to her magic (Roth 153). Once more, the motifs are interwoven, providing a further dimension to the story that it is complex and fraught with accompaniment of deeper and wider association. Orchestral extracts from Die Walkure include a stormy prelude on the first act, a prelude onto the second and a famous ride of Valkyries that introduces the third act. Siegmund remembers the promise of his father of giving him a sword. The narrative of Sieglinde brings out her sad forced marriage to Hunding. The joy brought by Siegmund to his sister is evident in his winter storms that waned in the moon of delight, while greeting and attributing her coming as the spring The second act of this scene illustrates Fricka’s denunciation of Wotan, and the explanations of Wotan to Brunnhilde, when the love of young pleasure left. Brunnhilde informs Sigmund of his impending death. Her pleas to the father

Remedial Reading Essay Example for Free

Remedial Reading Essay Proficient reading is an essential tool for learning a large part of the subject matter taught at school. Reading is the gateway to learning: without it, children cannot access a broad and balanced curriculum. Reading difficulties are associated with negative educational, employment and economic outcomes, making reading- related issues relevant to various policy domains. The negative effects of reading problems are well documented. There is evidence that reading disability is associated with social, economic and psychological problems. Traditional approaches to dealing with reading problems, such as tracing and grade retention, do not help ( especially if it going about dyslexic children. Remedial reading is an extremely important class for children who are struggling with reading. Because these children have difficulties reading, they generally do not like it. It is crucial for remedial reading teachers to make reading fun at the students level. This involved me to find interesting and lively reading materials. play games, use art and creativity during the lessons. First of all I determined the goals of remedial reading : Comprehension- understanding the meaning of words and sentences, integrating this meaning across texts and making inferences beyond the printed words. Decoding- converting printed words to spoken words. Phonics –linking sounds with letters and using these correspondences to read words. Teaching phonics takes account of the fact that there is not always a one-to-one correspondence between letters and sounds: ship has 4 letters, but only 3 sounds. Phonological awareness-awareness and manipulation of the sound structure of speech. This has different levels: syllables( foot-ball), onset-rime( f-oot-b-all), phonemes(f-oo-t-b-a-ll). Spelling and writing- mapping sounds to print, moving from individual letters, to groups of letters ( such as oa and sh), to word, to sentences . This support phonic knowledge for reading. Vocabulary- knowing the meaning of words. Fluency ( one of the major goals)- reading accurately and with sufficient speed. There is clear evidence that unless students become fluent in there ability to identify words, they will have difficulty concentrating their attention on comprehending and responding to the texts the read. I believe reading is an active, meaningful, constructive process. Students are taught to monitor their reading to ensure that what they are reading makes sense. This â€Å" mini remedial reading course† consists of 14 lessons. The duration of the lesson is 45 minutes. The type of the lessons is pupil-to teacher ratio. There is no question that one-to-one tutoring is the most powerful form of teaching invention. It seems highly likely that at least some children who are encountering very serious problems in learning to read need the intense support of one-to-one tutoring. For my lessons I was going to use the book â€Å" You Can Do It ! † by Dr Sharon Azaria. I chose it because the units in it are well- organized . Each unit consists of several reading rules, a text based on them reading comprehension and writing activities. New vocabulary is given as well. The types of texts are very predictable which is excellent in early intervention programs. They have recurring language patterns, and include repetition of language elements, which makes them easy for students to read. I think even children with very restricted word recognition capabilities can quickly begin to think of themselves as readers because they are successful with these predictable texts. It is great that the degree of predictability decreases from unit to unit to ensure that students attend to the printed texts in order to build a multifaceted word recognition strategy that will make them increasingly independent readers. I like the fact that texts and exercises become longer and more challenged as the reading capabilities of students grow. So there are many reasons to choose this book: length of texts, challenge of vocabulary, complexity of language, sophistication of concepts, etc. , so that students are challenged to apply the strategies and skills they are learning. MEANS OF TEACHING THE CHILD Texts are carefully selected and sequenced to ensure student success. The stories of the book â€Å" You Can Do It â€Å" contain a great amount of words with a letter or a letter combination on the topic of the lesson. It’s good they are followed by pictures. Reading for meaning . The book â€Å"You Can Do It† will provide me with a series of lessons which can be used as a very effective program for remedial reading. It reflects a model of reading as an active, meaningful, constructive process. Before-reading activities are used to build relevant background knowledge, concepts and vocabulary. With the help of this book the pupil will be taught to monitor his reading to ensure that what he is reading makes sense. The texts he’ll be asked to read are for enjoyment and for the information. Other activities are developed within the framework of reading for meaning. Reading for meaning is the constant point of reference. Intervention instruction is frequent, regular and of sufficient duration to make a difference. Weekly contact with a student ensures that progress is steady and allows me to become very familiar with the pupil and his strengths and needs. It also allows the teacher to reinforce and extend strategic behaviors that the student is acquiring. An instructional period of at least 15-20 minutes allows time for instruction and practice along a number of demonstrations that provide the pupil with the strategies he needs to become an effective reader. Pupil-to-teacher ratio. It seems reasonable to begin with group instruction for most students and to switch to individual instruction for those ones who have difficulty making progress. Word learning activities are used to help children become very familiar with print. Reading new texts and rereading familiar ones ensure that the pupil engages in meaningful, connected reading. This reading course (â€Å" I Can Do It†) includes activities that help students focus on and become familiar with printed words. The student is presented with the letters that form a word from a selection he read. Words are selected because they contain word identification elements that will be useful to the student. Progressively longer words are built from the letters. I can begin by asking the pupil to make take two letters and form the word ( for example the word â€Å"at† ). Next, he can be asked to add a letter to form rat, to change a letter to form cat, to rearrange the letters to form act. Using similar directions he can move through eat, ate, tea. Writing is used to teach and extend word identification skills. It has been recognized that asking students to write words ( not to copy them) is a very effective approach to developing word recognition and reading. For example, my pupil has difficulty with phonemic  awareness ( according to the test analysis) I can draw a box for each of the sounds in the word. The pupil is guided to think about the number of sounds in a word and the letters that represent those sounds. Activities completed at home extend student opportunities for reading. I always mention the importance of cooperation between home and school ( or individual lessons like in our case). Parents will be informed about the nature of our course and regularly updated on their child’s progress, and told about ways in which they can support the child and contribute to his progress. They can reread familiar texts for building fluency. I will care to send home only materials that the pupil can successfully respond to at home without teacher support. Again, the emphasis is on consistent success and the avoidance of failure. Conclusion: Every child has the right to develop into a thoughtful, competent reader. The remedial reading course ( the book â€Å" I Can Do It†) like many other programs calls for considerable teacher decision making, but within a well- defined sequence of instructional activities. When the pupil is reading aloud, I must decide when to coach a child in the use of strategic behavior and which strategies and skills to teach the child to use. When the pupil is writing, decisions must be about how and which forms of support should be given. Through the use of a regular sequence of activities, the pupil quickly come to know what will be happening in each instructional session and the order in which it will happen. Time is not lost in transition or deciding on activities.

Gold Rush Paper :: essays research papers

One moment the California creek beds glimmered with gold; the next, the same creeks ran red with the blood of men and women defending their claims or ceding their bags of gold dust to bandits. The "West" was a ruthless territory during the nineteenth century. With more than enough gold dust to go around early in the Gold Rush, crime was rare, but as the stakes rose and the easily panned gold dwindled, robbery and murder became a part of life on the frontier. The "West" consisted of outlaws, gunfighters, lawmen, whores, and vigilantes. There are many stories on how the "West" begun and what persuaded people to come and explore the new frontier, but here, today, we are going to investigate those stories and seek to find what is fact or what is fiction. These stories will send you galloping through the tumultuous California territory of the mid-nineteenth century, where disputes were settled with six shooters and the lines of justice were in a continuous chaos. Where's the West How and where did the West begin? This is the question that is asked most often and there is never a straight -forward answer. Everyone has their own opinion on the subject: "Oh, it started sometime in the nineteenth century," or "The west is really just considered to be Oklahoma, Texas, and Kansas." Whatever happened to California actually being considered the "West?" With all honesty, even into the twentieth century, California is not thought of as being the "West," or the "West" in the manner in which Oklahoma, Kansas and Texas are thought of. Cowboys, horses, and cattle are only considered to be in the central states, but what about California? To give a straight- forward answer on where and how the "Real West" or even the "Wild West" began; it began by a millhouse worker named James Marshall. On the morning of January 24, 1848, Marshall was working on his mill and looked down in the water and saw a sparkling dust floating along the creek bed (Erdoes 116). Assuming it was gold, he told his fellow workers what he had found and they began searching for the mysterious metallic dust as well. Four days later Marshall rode down to Sutter's Fort, in what is now Sacramento, and showed John Sutter what he had found. They weighed and tested the metal and became convinced that it was indeed gold. John Sutter wanted to keep the discovery secret, but that was going to be impossible. The rumor flew and Sutter's mill workers, which were Mormon, caught wind of it and began searching for their own fortune. Shortly after they fled, they

Playdough, Paperweight, Snowball: An Analysis of the Bell Jar Essay

â€Å"I saw the years of my life spaced along a road in the form of telephone poles, threaded together by wires. I counted one, two, three †¦ nineteen poles, and then the wires dangled into space, and try as I would, I couldn’t see a single pole beyond the nineteenth.†(Plath 123) This quote fully embodies the whole mood of the book, The Bell Jar by Silvia Plath. The main character Esther is constantly at war with herself, she can’t figure out what to work towards or where her life is going. She is unable to see past the nineteenth post in her life, it’s as if her life was never supposed to move on. This mind set pushes Esther into a deep depression and drives her to attempt suicide many times. In the novel Ester Greenwood, a young aspiring writer, battles a war within herself everyday. She starts out high on life; she was one of the winners of a writing contest so she is living in New York experiencing a very affluent lifestyle. Her life is as colorful and wonderful as brand new Play Dough. Then one day she realizes she is no longer herself, she is trapped in an image that others have molded. She stops and thinks, who am I? Where am I going? What am I doing with my life? Much like that wad of Play Dough she too wore out, she was now dull, hardened, and futureless. Though it is still called Play Dough, it no longer serves the same purpose or is anything like its old self. Simply a shell of the girl she once was she no longer has her old friends, she didn’t make it into her college honors writing class, and she cant even bring herself to write anymore. Battling a civil war daily wore Esther down farther and farther until there was nothing left of her soul. For Esther the troubling question was no longer just who am I? It was a much more serious question of why am I here? Why am I alive? She has a very hard time getting through each day, â€Å"I couldn’t see the point of getting up. I had nothing to look forward to.† (Plath 117). She doesn’t know what to do with herself, she tries to learn new things, but she can’t stay focused for more than a few mere minutes. She is convinced that she will amount to nothing, that her life is going nowhere, and she will be a paperweight for the rest of her life. She is so disgusted with who she is and her life she can no longer stand to live in her own skin, she always feels as if there is something inside her that she wants to kill. â€Å"But when it came right down to it, the skin of my wrist looked so white and defenseless that I couldn’t do it. It was as if what I wanted to kill wasn’t in that skin or the thin blue pulse that jumped under my thumb, but somewhere else, deeper, more secret, and a whole lot harder to get.† (Plath 147) She attempts many times to end her life, but she always makes it out alive and well. Nobody knows what to do with her so they try some treatments, but those don’t work so she is placed in a special facility. Stuck in this asylum she goes up and down, she gains freedom but then has a relapse and it right back to square one all over again. After many hard years of wanting to die and hating herself, she finally finds people she trusts and it starts to get better. â€Å"All the heat and fear had purged itself. I felt surprisingly at peace. The bell jar hung suspended a few feet above my head. I was open to the circulating air. † (Plath 215). In this quote Esther speaks about the bell jar lifting above her, throughout the entire book it was on her, suffocating her, but finally it had lifted and she could start living again. She starts over like a rolling snowball, starting small yet gaining more trust and confidence by the second; before she realizes it she is a huge snow boulder rolling gaining speed, size, and confidence. A major theme in the novel is places of entrapment. Whether it is Esther feeling trapped within her own body, or if she is trapped in a hospital she is always under something. â€Å"The more hopeless you were, the further away they hid you.† (Plath 160). At the beginning Esther is forced into going to many events at various places whether it’s a luncheon or a fashion show. From there she goes back home which ends up being almost like solitary confinement. She is bounded in a lifestyle that is very different from her own. Her mother was constantly trying to teach her shorthand, a skill which Esther has no wish to learn. Also when at home she finds herself unable to sleep. This traps her in the world of thinking, which works against her because of where her life is. This is where her depression first starts, and it takes he life on a downward spiral. After many suicidal attempts Esther is put into a psychological hospital. She moves from hospital to hospital, but for years she is always under rule of doctors in nurses. Plath used many things to convey the feeling of suffocating under pressure throughout the book. Though Plath wrote an entire book through the eyes of a depressed young woman, she still kept the book easy to read. The book flowed well from scene to scene. It kept the reader wondering if Esther was going to break out of her depression or if she was finally going to succeed and end up ending her life. She uses complex yet easy to understand wording that a wide range of readers can comprehend. â€Å"I felt my lungs inflate with the onrush of scenery—air, mountains, trees, people. I thought, ‘This is what it is to be happy.'† (Plath 90). This quote not only shows how Plath created a novel easily read but it shows how there was hope; Esther did have the capacity to feel happiness, she was capable of living a happy life. The struggle through the book was if she was going to overcome her illness, or be consumed by it. Plath wrote an in depth story about a young woman suffering through depression. Though the topic was no happy in any way, Plath kept it light and hopeful. Keeping the reader always wondering if she was going to get better. Also, she it was so descriptive with her writing that the reader felt like he could relate with Esther. Overall, The Bell Jar is a very well written book that can be read easily. It leaves one with the feeling of hope, and believing any situation can heal. â€Å"I took a deep breath and listened to the old brag of my heart. I am, I am, I am.† (Plath 243).

Tom Coronado

Case Study: Tom Coronado True to form, Tom Coronado – manager of employee relations for Huse Manufacturing Company – pulled into his reserved company parking space early. It was 7:30 Monday morning – usually the most hectic day of week, with more than its share of problems. But the first good news: Friday had been payday. Now the bad news: Monday of every week turned up Friday's payroll errors. With new hires, overtime work, and different wage-rate categories, there always seemed to be mistakes in figuring wages and paychecks. To make matters worse, in recent weeks, these errors had been on the increase.Reason: a new computerized payroll system. Long live progress, Tom thought. He was also thinking, with concern, about a 10 o'clock meeting scheduled with the executive vice-president on this very subject. Tom would have to report on how the new system was working out. Right now, though, he needed to find at least an hour of quiet to get his report together. Fortun ately, his office was quiet, and Tom was able to review a couple of computer printouts. But shortly after 8 o'clock the phone began to ring. His secretary wasn't in yet, so Tom had to take six calls personally in 20 minutes.The first five were about errors in the payroll checks; two calls were from shop supervisors, one was from a worker on the night shift, one from the production superintendent, and one from the local union president. This last one was the most sweat; the union leader's parting shot was, â€Å"When in blazes are you going to straighten out this payroll mess? † The sixth call was from Tom's secretary. She wouldn't be in today. Over the next hour, Tom was able to correct most of the payroll errors – with a little help from his friends.These included payroll clerks, the production superintendent, a junior systems analyst, and one hourly paid worker. By 9:30, Tom thought he was ready to stick his phone in a filing cabinet and sit down with his materials f or a last review before the 10 o'clock meeting. Five minutes later the phone started ringing. It was Ted Brokenshire, president of the Metropolitan Personnel Association. Would Tom be willing to give a talk at the association's next meeting? By the time he hung up the phone, Tom realized he had talked away the rest of his prep time before the meeting.It was 9:57. Quickly, he pulled together his notes and materials and walked into the two corridors to the vice-president's office. The secretary waved him right in to a meeting that lasted two hours. But they were two hours well spent, Tom thought. The problems and the progress of putting in the new payroll system were taken apart, gone over, and put together again. And despite the recent increase in mix-ups, implementation was actually two weeks ahead of schedule. Tom came out of the meeting feeling good and ready to go ahead on the assignment.As he entered his office, it also occurred to him that he had a new more ingredients for that talk he had agreed to give Metro Personnel. Then his eye caught the clock: 12:20. Now for some lunch, he thought. He remembered that he hadn't had breakfast, and how he felt like having a big plate of shrimp lo mein. Then the phone rang. Tom finally left for lunch at 2:30. As he pulled into the parking lot of the Shanghai Dynasty, he recalled that they were closed on Mondays. Source:Lawrence J Gitman and Carl McDaniel, Jr. , Business World, New York: Wiley, 1983, p. 98. Filename:tomcoro. doc

Svante August Arrhenius Essays - Panspermia, Svante Arrhenius

Svante August Arrhenius Essays - Panspermia, Svante Arrhenius Svante August Arrhenius Svante August Arrhenius was born at Uppalsa, Sweden, on February 19, 1859 His intelligence and creativity were apperent nt from an early agehe taught himself to read when he was three Although credi ted with many scientific innovations, he remains best known for his ionic theory of solutions, For which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1903 Arrhenius henius died in Stockholm on October 2, 1927 Science is a human endeavor subject to human frailties and governed by personalities, politics, and prejudice ces. One of the best illustrations of the often bumpy path of the advancement of scientific knowledge is the story of Swedish chemist Svante Arrhenius. When Arrhenius henius began his doctorate at the University of Uppsala around 1880, he chose to study the passage of electricity through solutions. This was a problem that had baffled scientists for a century, The first experiments had been done in the 17 70s by Cavendish, who corn pared the conductivity of salt solutions with that of rain water, using his own physiological reaction to the electric shocks he rece ived! Arrhenius had an array of instruments to measure electric current, but the process of carefully weighing, meas uring, and recording data from a multitude of experiments was a tedious one. After his long series of experimerits were performed, Arrhenius quit his laboratory bench and returned to his country home to try to formulate a model that could account for his data, He wrote, "I got the idea in the night of the 17th of May in the year 1883, and I could not s leep that night until I had worked through the whole problem." His idea was that ions were responsible for conducting electricity through a solution. B ack at Uppsa]a, Arrhenius took his doctoral dissertation containing the new theo ry to his advisor, Professor Cleve, an eminent chemist and the discoverer of the elements holmlum and thulium. Cleve's unlnterested response was what Arrhenius had expected. It was in keeping with CIeve's resistance to new ideas he had not even accepted Mendeleev's periodic table, introduced ten years earlier. It is a long standing custom that before a doctoral degree is granted the disse rtation must be defended before a panel of professors. Although this procedure i s still followed at most universities today, the problems are usually worked out in private with the evaluating professors before the actual defense. However, w hen Arrhenius did it, the disserta tion defense was an open debate, which could be rancorous and humiliating. Knowing that it would be unwise to antagonize his professors, Arrhenius downplayed his convictions about his new theory as he de t ended his dissertation. His diplomacy paid off: he was awarded his degree, albei t reluctantly, as the prolessors still did not believe his model and considered him to be a marginal scientist, at best. Such a setback could have ende d his scientific career, but Arrhenius was a crusader; he was determined to see his theory triumph. Recognizing his low credibility in his home coun try, he sen t his dissertation first to Rudolf Clausius, a German seientist who had fimnulat ed the second law of thermodynamics, but Clausius wasn't interested. He next app roached Lothar Meyer, another German scientist who had gained prominence for his work on the periodicity of the clements, but Meyer was also unresponsive. Final ly, Arrhcnius found the right champion in Wilhelm Ostwald, a German profes sor o f chemistry at Riga. Ostwald, already known as a defender of revo lutionary chem ical causes, fully accepted the idea that reactions in solu tion often involve i ons. In 1885 Arrhenius began work ing in Ostwald's laboratory, continui ng his research on ions. Reading everything he could find on the sub jeer, he ca me across a research paper written by a Dutch scientist, Jacobus van't Heir, whi ch was particularly helpful in placing the ionic theory on firmer gnound. In 1887 Arrhenius went to Amsterdalm to nicer van'l Heft At 22 years of age, van't Help had postulated the existence of stereochemistry; that is, that atoms in molecules have definite relative positions in space. This theory was initially criticized harshly, and van't Heft, aided by Ostwald, had to fight to have it accepted. The ionic theory was yet another unaccepted theory for which both Ostwald and van't Heft' would extend their support. By the time Arrhenius returned from Amsterdam, Ostwald had moved to Leipzig, where he had be come professor of chemistry. It was there that Ostwald and Anhenius put together

Basic Information About Adult Education

Basic Information About Adult Education With so  many adults  returning to the classroom, the term adult education has taken on new meanings. Adult education, in the broadest sense, is any form of learning adults engage in beyond traditional schooling that ends in their 20s. In the narrowest sense, adult education is about literacy- adults learning to read the most basic materials. Thus, adult education encompasses everything from basic literacy to personal fulfillment as a lifelong learner and the attainment of advanced degrees. Andragogy and Pedagogy Andragogy is defined as the art and science of helping adults learn. Its distinguished from pedagogy,  the school-based education  traditionally used for children. Education for adults has a different focus, based on the fact that adults are: More self-directed and require less guidanceMature and bring more experience to the task of learningReady to learn and primed to learn what they need to knowMore oriented to learning that is problem-centered rather than subject-centeredMore internally motivated to learn Functional Literacy One of the primary goals of adult education is functional literacy. Organizations like the U.S. Department of Education and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) work tirelessly to measure, understand, and address adult illiteracy in the U.S. and around the world. Only through adult education can we address the real problems of society- like power sharing, wealth creation, gender and health issues. said Adama Ouane, director of the UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning. The programs of the Division of Adult Education and Literacy (part of the U.S. Department of Education) focus on addressing basic skills such as reading, writing, math, English language competency, and problem-solving. The goal is for American adults get the basic skills they need to be productive workers, family members, and citizens. Adult Basic Education In the U.S., each state is responsible for addressing the basic education of their citizens. Official state websites direct people to classes, programs, and organizations designed to teach adults how to read prose, documents like maps and catalogs, and how to make simple computations. Getting a GED Adults who complete basic adult education have the opportunity to earn the equivalent of a high school diploma by taking the General Educational Development, or GED, test. The test, available to citizens who have not graduated from high school, gives them the chance to demonstrate the level of achievement normally achieved by completing a course of study in high school. GED prep resources abound online and in classrooms around the country, designed to help students prepare for the five-part exam. The GED comprehensive exams cover writing, science, social studies, math, arts and interpreting literature. Adult Education and Continuing Education Adult education is synonymous with continuing education. The world of lifelong learning is wide open and covers a variety of circumstances including: Going to college for the first time after age 25Returning to college to finish a degreeWorking toward a graduate degreeLearning a technical skillEarning CEUs for professional certificationTaking classes at your local community center for the sheer fun of it

Racial Discrimination in Policing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words

Racial Discrimination in Policing - Case Study Example This project was conducted as a result of research done in the reading and reviewing of a great variety of racially motivated occurrences creating racial tensions and reactions to those tensions. This project focused its concentration upon the eruption of violence and the implications of racially motivated criminal actions. A specific incident which caused tensions to nearly roar occurred in Eltham, Kent when a young, eighteen year old Stephen Lawrence was murdered mere yards from his home by still unidentified white assailants. Perceptions within the public eye were such that racial discrimination was often spoken about by the witnesses, the family of the victim and others involved in the investigation. Though arrests were eventually made, no convictions were ever managed, the case remains open. After some deliberation and thought I chose to study racial discrimination in policing because I felt the consideration of public perception of racial discrimination in policing Eltham, Kent would be the most appropriate use of this information and an in-depth analysis of the processes and procedures in policing would facilitate understanding. Research was conducted to include true to life accounts of the entirety. This was the reason for seeking out governmental inquiries and files that would give accurate and even eye witness testimony of the events that occurred on 22 April 1993 in the brutal death of Stephen Lawrence. The methodology of this project was to develop the viewpoint of the various inquiries and police accounts along with the eyewitness accounts during and after the incident that erupted in the death of Stephen Lawrence more than a decade in the past. The impact of the work performed proves that one's perception of events rarely coincides with another's. There have been two inquiries into the events that transpired and resulted in the death of Stephen Lawrence in Waltham, Kent on 22 April 1993. Neither inquiry resulted in arrest and conviction of those responsible nor would those arrested at the time of the incident have been convicted, instead they were acquitted of the charges against them due to lack of evidence linking them to the crime. The inquiries were held to reveal the inadequacies of policing and the automatic perceptions of race implied or otherwise in the methods utilized while working to discover truth in the midst of mysterious occurrences. The evidence of these incidents would be documented several times in several testaments to the incident, including The Stephen Lawrence Inquiry, Report of an Inquiry by Sir William Macpherson of Cluny as advised by Tom Cook, the Right Reverend Dr. John Sentamu, and Dr. Richard Stone in February 1999. A treatise titled Racist Murder and Pressure Group Politics written by Norman Denni s, George Erdos, and Ahmed Al-Shahi from the Institute for the Study of Civil Society in London first published in September 2000. The Black Information Link of London also provided information in regards to Stephen Lawrence and the results of the official inquiries conducted. The annual reports of the metropolitan police in the United Kingdom would have been consulted, utilizing their annual

The Cost Allocation Process of Information Technology Essay

The Cost Allocation Process of Information Technology - Essay Example As more firms have adopted computer software over manual functioning. Similarly, computer networks also help the departments within a firm to coordinate and communicate among themselves. With all of these advancements come costs of setting up computer networks and other related costs. Allocation of I.T costs(charging the cost to each department according to its usage of a resource) is among current hot-topic in the corporate world. According to a study done by Forrester, Computer Hardware and Network costs make up to one-third of the I.T department budget. However, the main problem is of allocating costs among various departments within a firm. The most widely used method by accountants is to allocate these costs is by dividing these costs according to the consumption by the respective department. By relative consumption, we mean that each department will be charged a share of cost according to their use. For example, if there are two departments who both use I.T network, now when at the end of fiscal year, the time for cost allocation comes, the department with more usage will be charged more and with less usage will be charged less. The fundamental reason for charging this method is to avoid multiple free-riders problems. Free-riding occurs when those who do not pay for a resource could also use the resource, so no-one is foolish enough to put up his hand and say I will pay for the resource because he knows that even if he doesn't pay for the resource he would be able to use it. For example, let's take an example from out of context here. Suppose that there is a community of fishermen is living near the sea.

Grant Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Grant Proposal - Essay Example Statistical data from WIC tell us that 50% of the new mothers in this area initiate breast feeding but only 14.5% maintain breast feeding (WIC). This implementation plan will put into place a peer to peer breastfeeding program. The aim would be to improve the numbers of maintained breast feeding mothers and infants. The program is a peer to peer (buddy program) to support mothers attempting to breast feed. As noted, many women initiate the attempt (50%) but those who manage to continue are only (14%). There are many reasons for this, some of which are lack of support, confusion, fear, and anxiety (Stube, 2009). The primary goal of this program would be to increase the numbers of women who are able to maintain breast feeding. Keeping mothers breast feeding at least the first few months could improve the health of both mother and infant (Stube, 2009). It has been shown through several recent studies that peer coaching improves the continuation of breast feeding. Hoddinott, Chalmers, and Pell (2006) supported the fact that in some areas this has increased up to 35%. This is further supported by a quasi experimental evaluation done by Olson, Haidir, and Vanggel et. al. (2010) in which they found that peer to peer counseling improved initiation by 27 points and increased duration by 3 week. In Bangaladesh Hollander showed that peer counseling increased breast feeding at five months by 70% and Shafer, Vogel, and Vigas (2009) showed in their randomized control trial, an increase of 6% initiation and 9% continuation in rural low income women. Referral Peer support is provided through a network of volunteers that are trained in the problems related to breast feeding as well as having been successful at breast feeding themselves. This training will be initiated through the WIC and LaLeche League International program to assure that the new mothers are getting the support that is needed. The idea is to choose a supporting peer that has the same culture and socioeconomic background as the mother to be supported. The new mother may be referred in several ways including WIC, Public Health, Food Stamps, physician, social services, self referral and others. Access Once the mother has been referred she is contacted by a peer and given information, including classes that she can attend that prepare her for the breast feeding process. This includes such procedures as needed to harden nipples, decreasing pain on initiation of breastfeeding. After childbirth, the provide nonmedical assistance as needed to reduce frustration and anxiety in the new mother who is attempting to breast feed. This includes the mother who goes back to work. Often, the transition from breastfeeding to pumping and bottle feeding is extremely difficult (Dennis, Hodnett, & Gallop, 2002). The peer who has been successful through this transition can help quite a lot in improving this transition, keeping the mother breast feeding for a longer period of time. This program would be based in the community clinics in each of these counties but the peers are available through the hospital setting as well as phone. Telephone counseling and support are available 4 times per day. Peer Training Peers will be expected to attend classes on basic breastfeeding management, nutrition, infant

A Thousand Splendid Suns Essay Example for Free

A Thousand Splendid Suns Essay â€Å"Come. There is a way to be good again,† said Rahim Khan to Amir. In the novel the Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, Amir, the main character, expresses his thoughts and actions due to his baneful choices. The tribulations he faced were all repercussions of the sin committed by his disdainful youth. His sins ravaged the early stages of his life and gave him a troublesome memory full of guilt. As the novel progressed, Amir attempted to disengage the memory of his sin and forget about it. Amir soon faced the long over due road to redemption. Khaled Hosseini’s novel the Kite Runner is about redemption, and that the lifelong pursuit of happiness will never be fulfilled without it. At a young age Amir and Hassan were best friends, even though Amir was roughly expressing it. Amir and Hassan enjoyed many activities together as Khaled expressed in his novel: â€Å"I spent most of the first twelve years of my life playing with Hassan. Sometimes, my entire childhood seems like one long lazy summer day with Hassan, chasing each other between tangles of trees in my father’s yard, playing hide-and-seek, cops and robbers, cowboys and Indians, insect torture†¦ We saw our first Western together, Rio Bravo with John Wayne, at the Cinema Park†¦,† stated Amir. Amir stated all these â€Å"friend-like† activities, yet witnessed the sexual abuse administered by Assef and his goons on Hassan without a peep from his mouth. At this point Amir’s lust for obtaining the kite, so he could finally enjoy love from his father had over come his friendship. That temporary love given to Amir by his father was enough for Amir to attempt to get rid of Hassan permanently, which worked. Amir’s sin committed in his early years set the stage for the rest of his life, for he would seek redemption for his acts. Many years passed, Amir was on his own now in America, with his wife Soraya that could not bare children. Amir received a call from Rahim Kahn who was dying and wanted a last visit from Amir. Amir had jumped at the chance to visit an old friend/father figure and flew to see Rahim. Little did Amir know he was about to face all of the tribulations he had seemed to forget of his past ten fold. Rahim Khan reveals â€Å"Hassan, Amirs childhood friend, the presumed son of the family servant was in reality, Amirs half-brother, his fathers illegitimate son with Alis wife. † He also reveals that the prolonged redemption is just around the Taliban by saving Amir’s half-nephew Sohrab (Hassan’s son) from Kabul. Amir was in a state of confusion, he expressed his plead to Rahim: â€Å"I can’t go to Kabul,† I had said to Rahim Khan. â€Å"I have a wife in America, a home, a career, and a family. † But how could I pack up and go and go back home when my actions may have caused Hassan a chance at those very same things (talking to himself)? I wished Rahim Khan hadn’t called me. I wished he had let me live on in my oblivion. But he had called me. And what Rahim Khan revealed to me changed things. Made me see how my entire life†¦had been a cycle of lies, betrayal, and deceit. ‘There is a way to be good again’ he’d said. Thus started Amir’s road to redemption. Amir searched through Kabul for Sohrab and an orphanage leader had stated that Sohrab had been sold to a Taliban leader. The Taliban Leader who showboated John Lennon glasses and conducted the stoning ceremony at halftime of the soccer game was the man that Amir had to speak with. As Amir conversed with the Taliban lead he learned of his cruel ways of massacring the Hazaras. Then the Taliban leader revealed, â€Å"What did you think? That you’d put on a fake beard and I wouldn’t recognize you? I never forget a face. Not ever. † The Taliban revealed himself as Assef, Amir’s childhood enemy. Assef created an ordeal stating that if Amir were to overcome him in a blood brawl, then Sohrab would be Amir’s boy to take. Assef completely demolished Amir by breaking several ribs with his brass knuckles. Amir was barely able to stand, but he withheld the beating for he knew that destiny had brought him to this moment. The moment came when Sohrab had pierced Assef’s eye and he and Amir escaped. Amir had finally accomplished his self-turmoil and had almost completed his redemption by saving his half-brother’s son, and almost dying for him. Amir knew that he had to adopt Sohrab when they got back to a safe haven. This caused some trouble with the embassy for they required legal documents of the orphaned child. Sohrab believed that there was no possible way for him to come to America and he did not want to return to an orphanage, so he attempted suicide. Amir had gone through a father’s worst nightmare when he thought his soon to be adopted son would die. Sohrab survived though, leaving a reckless, unrighteous Muslim, self- centered Amir behind. Amir’s pursuit of happiness was fulfilled as he and his son were flying kites in America. He had redeemed himself as he said to Sohrab, â€Å"Do you want me to run that kite for you? †Ã¢â‚¬ ¦A nod from Sohrab†¦ â€Å"For you, a thousand times over,† and a smile cracked open on Sohrab’s face.

Hepatitis B 2 Essay -- essays research papers

Hepatitis B can be prevented with a highly effective vaccine, but this year ten to thirty million people will become infected with the hepatitis B virus. I feel that because this disease is preventable, only knowledge can help reduce the number of people infected.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hepatitis B is a serious liver disease caused by the hepatitis B virus. This virus is a blood-borne pathogen. It is one hundred times more infectious than HIV. “Hepatitis B is one of the most frequently reported vaccine preventable diseases in the United States,'; according to the Centers for Disease Control. This disease is transmitted through oral, vaginal, and anal sex. You can also acquire the disease through sharing needles, toothbrushes, and razors, or if you come in contact with infected blood. For these reasons, the people at the highest risk of contracting the disease are: anyone who is sexually active; health, dental, and emergency workers; adoptive families with children form Asia, Africa, South America, Eastern and Mediterranean Europe (as these areas have a high number of people infected); drug users; and anyone in close contact with someone infected. This is not as scary as it seems, for you cannot contract the virus through sneezing, coughing, or holding hands. A surprising fact about hepatitis B, considering it is preventable, is that one in twenty people are or will be infected in their lifetime. There are one million people infected in the United Stat...

Impressionism: Art and Literature Essay

Impressionism, the history started in the 19th century. A group of French artists has rebelled in their work of art by painting the things around them. Among them are Berthe Morisot, Cezanne, Degas, Monet, Pissarro, and Renoir. The term ‘impressionism’ was coined by an art critic named Louis Leroy regarding a painting from Monet in 1873, the ‘Impression: Sunrise (‘Impression, Soleil Levant’). According to Louis Leroy the paintings from the group lacked details, unfinished and did not show the hard works that were exerted in traditional arts. Impression I was certain of it. I was just telling myself that, since I was impressed, there had to be some impression in it — and what freedom, what ease of workmanship! A preliminary drawing for a wallpaper pattern is more finished than this seascape. (Leroy, 1874) However, other critics were more sympathetic of the Impressionism art of the group describing them to stamp on the senses. Impressionism art spread on other western countries fast. The Impressionism was adopted in literature. The incorporation of impressionism in poems, prose and other literary works were applied whereas the literary appeals on the feelings, thoughts, impressions, emotions, sensations and impressions of the character. Impressionist literatures are characterized when actions, scenes or characters are portrayed to view reality subjectively. The characteristic of such works are subsumed in some categories including Symbolism. Among the writers who adapted such style are Baudelaire, Laforgue, Mallarme, Rimbaud and Verlaine. Novels like The Lagoon by Joseph Conrad and Mrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf are great examples of this genre since the comprehension of their novels are not easy. Conclusion The connection of both arts and literatures under the Impressionism genre is the way the works are conveyed to the viewers or readers. The way the Impressionism literatures allow the readers to use their senses allows stimulating different intellectual interpretation from one person to the other rather than conveying in plain words the character or scenes detailed in the written works. The same were applied to the early work of arts of Impressionism. Therefore, I disagree on the description of the unfriendly critic Louis Leroy when he said that the early work of arts do not have the hard work in traditional artworks because to stimulate the thinking and emotions through artworks and literary is a challenge for every artist and writer into Impressionism.

Dimensional Fund Advisors Case Analysis Essay

1)DFA’s investment strategy is based on their belief in the principle that stock market is efficient. They attempt to match a broad-based, value-weighted small-stock index and position themselves in the market as a passive fund manager that still claimed to add value by capturing specific dimensions of risks identified by financial science. DFA’s investment strategy incorporates elements of both passive and active management. It is passive in the sense that like many other index managers, it focuses on the importance of diversification, lower turnover and lower fees than actively managed portfolios. It is active in the sense that it develops its small-value stock focus based on academic research and uses certain techniques (such as its unique trading method in obtaining discounts and lower transaction cost) to contribute to a fund’s profits eve when the investment is inherently passive. 2)DFA’s clients are mainly major institutions (including corporate, government, union pension funds, college endowments and charities) and high-net-worth individuals. The main concern of their existing clients is potential high costs due to illiquid nature of many DFA holdings. DFA’s new product is a family of funds managed to reduce tax payments and the new clients it tries to serve are investors who are eventual taxpayers on any taxable flower received by a DFA fund they hold. To serve this new client base, DFA needs to continue its strength in keeping trading costs low and focus on reducing the taxes paid by clients. Some new issues that DFA will face include the complication of tax-optimization (such as handling the trade-off between putting more weight on non dividend-paying stocks and assuming more portfolio tracking error and volatility) as well as the possibility that tax management may lead to higher transactions costs. 3)Based on information given in the case, DFA accepts semi-form efficiency which indicates that stock prices fully reflect all past prices and all publicly available information. DFA’s trading strategies reflects that it felt that on average the market price correctly incorporated all public information, so it is only concerned about whether there is negative private information known to the seller of the block of stocks but not to the market. DFA’s trading strategy such as avoiding stocks if news  announcements are coming in the near future or if stock has recently reported sales by insiders reflect a belief that stock prices can potentially not reflect all private information. DFA also does not accept the weak-form efficient because if stock prices only reflect all information in past prices, they would see the value of performance fundamental analysis of the firm they are looking at (but the case indicates that DFA does not performance fundamental analysis). 4)Fama and French’s three factor model attempts to explain the variation of stock prices through a multifactor model that includes a size factor and BE/ME factor in addition to the beta risk factor. Fama-French model essentially extended the CAPM (which breaks up cause of variation of stock price into systematic risk which is non-diversifiable and idiosyncratic risk which is diversifiable) by introducing these two additional factors. Fama and French find that stocks with high beta didn’t have consistently higher returns than stocks with low beta and this indicates that beta was not a useful measure under their model. Their model is based on research findings that sensitivity of movements of the size and BE/ME factor constituted risk, and therefore risks associated with small companies and risks associated with high BE/ME companies in addition to beta risk explain a great deal of the variation of stock prices. The two factors in Fama-French model(company size and company BE/ME)are both firm specific risk and not market related risk, and it would appear that DFA (which base a lot of their strategies on this type of academic research) is not utilizing macroeconomic variables. However, as Fama and French argued, these factors explained so much of the common variation in stocks that they essentially capture sensitivity to risk factors related to macroeconomic variables. Therefore, not directly using macroeconomic variables (which is inherently hard to find or predict), but using the size and BE/ME factor may be a better way to represent certain types of market risk. In addition, because DFA is positioned as a passive manager that adds value, its goal then would not be to beat the market, but to follow it with the belief that in the long run indices will perform better than active strategies (which may focus on designing products that addresses macroeconomic variables such as market timing, etc ). 5)The efficient market enthusiasts believe that small stocks will outperform large  ones, and stocks with high BE/ME will generate higher returns than stocks with low BE/ME. On the other hand, behaviorists believe that the size and value premia is not always true, and there are several variable factors need to be considered. For example, in the early 1980s, when the US went into a recession, the small companies were particularly performed poorly, even when the economy and stock market rebounded after a decade, those small stocks still continued to lag.Also, by late 1990s, value stocks’ return was surpassed by the spectacular performance of growth stocks due to the high-tech stocks with very high market capitalization and relatively low assets. However, DFA believes in the efficient market theory, they prefer small stocks over large ones and value stocks over growth stocks. 6)DFA should justify its belief by stating that although the systematic risk would cause certain efficient market theories to bereversed during such times (large stocks outperform small stocks; growth stocks outperform value stocks), the market efficient theory will eventually prevailin the long-run based on the historical data done by Fama and French. Other than the market efficient theory, DFA also believes in two other principles: the value of sound academic research and the ability of skilled traders. Those two factors can contribute to fund’s profits. Because of DFA’s ability to excel in those two areas, they believe that they can provide more value even in efficient market environment. 7)Trading costs associated with small and value stocks include illiquidity and adverse selection problems. To be more specific, the illiquidity of small stocks may cause the stock price move substantially when a purchased is made. Also, the information asymmetry may also result in the adverse selection problem. DFA manages the small stocks illiquidity problems by using block trade to extract a discount on a stock purchase, thus creating value for the clients. In addition,to avoid the adverse selection problems, DFA’s traders follow several steps: 1) DFA will not buy a stock if the target company is going to make major announcement. 2) DFA will leverage the research system to avoid stocks that are more likely to have negative prices in the near future. 3) DFA avoids stocks that have recently reported sales by insiders. 4) DFA pays attention to its sellers and the nature of stock  block they traded. 8)It’s not an embarrassment for DFA when small stocks underperformed large stocks in the mid of 1980s. Because systematic events can’t be possibly avoided. In fact, DFA’s small stocks portfolio outperformed other small stocks investing competitors during the recession. This suggests that DFA’s focused principles in academic research and traders’ ability are adding value to its investors. Besides, this event alone doesn’t prove either rational or behavioral explanation is more likely since the recession is a one-off event. Therefore, DFA should not abandon its small stocks strategy because in the long run the trend is more likely to reverse itself. Even if small stocks were to continue to outperform large stocks for another decade, DFA could still provide value then other small stock investment fund. And as more fund are trading on large stock, the benefit of return on large stock may eventually goes away, making small stock.